{"id":4194,"date":"2026-04-23T09:37:26","date_gmt":"2026-04-23T09:37:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nylonplastic.com\/?p=4194"},"modified":"2026-06-10T06:03:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-10T06:03:45","slug":"nylon-material-properties-complete-technical-reference","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nylonplastic.com\/de\/nylon-material-properties-complete-technical-reference\/","title":{"rendered":"Materialeigenschaften von Nylon: Eine vollst\u00e4ndige technische Referenz"},"content":{"rendered":"
Comprehensive technical data on nylon\/PA material properties \u2014 thermal, mechanical, chemical resistance, electrical, and comparison tables across grades.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Overview of Nylon Material Properties<\/h2>\n
<\/p>\n
Nylon (polyamide) materials occupy a unique position in engineering thermoplastics: they offer the highest combination of strength, toughness, and wear resistance among non-reinforced plastics, while remaining processable on standard injection molding and extrusion equipment. This technical reference compiles the key properties that engineers, designers, and procurement specialists need when evaluating nylon for specific applications.<\/p>\n
All data in this reference applies to conditioned material (23\u00b0C, 50% RH) unless otherwise noted. Moisture content significantly affects mechanical properties \u2014 dry-as-molded values can be 20-40% higher than conditioned values for unfilled nylon.<\/p>\n
Mechanical Properties by Nylon Grade<\/h2>\n
\n\n
\n
Zugfestigkeit (MPa)<\/th>\n
80<\/th>\n
82<\/th>\n
90<\/th>\n
55<\/th>\n
170<\/th>\n
185<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n
\n
Bruchdehnung (%)<\/td>\n
150<\/td>\n
60<\/td>\n
45<\/td>\n
200<\/td>\n
3<\/td>\n
3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Tensile Modulus (GPa)<\/td>\n
2.8<\/td>\n
3.0<\/td>\n
3.2<\/td>\n
1.7<\/td>\n
9.0<\/td>\n
10.0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
Flexural Strength (MPa)<\/td>\n
100<\/td>\n
110<\/td>\n
130<\/td>\n
75<\/td>\n
240<\/td>\n
270<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\n
\n
Biegemodul (GPa)<\/th>\n
2.6<\/th>\n
2.8<\/th>\n
2.9<\/th>\n
1.6<\/th>\n
8.5<\/th>\n
9.2<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n
\n
Unnotched Izod (J\/m)<\/td>\n
No break<\/td>\n
No break<\/td>\n
450<\/td>\n
No break<\/td>\n
600<\/td>\n
700<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
**Key Observations**: \n– PA6 has higher elongation (more ductile) but PA66 has higher strength \n– Glass fiber reinforcement (GF30 = 30% glass fiber) increases strength 2-2.5\u00d7 but dramatically reduces ductility \n– PA46 outperforms all standard nylons in both strength and thermal resistance, at higher cost \n– PA12 is the softest and most flexible \u2014 lowest strength but best impact resistance at low temperatures<\/p>\n
Thermal Properties<\/h2>\n
Thermal performance is often the deciding factor in grade selection:<\/p>\n
\n\n
\n
Melting Point (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n
225<\/th>\n
265<\/th>\n
295<\/th>\n
180<\/th>\n
225<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n
\n
Glass Transition Temp (\u00b0C)<\/td>\n
50-60<\/td>\n
65-70<\/td>\n
75<\/td>\n
40-45<\/td>\n
50-60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
HDT @ 0.45 MPa (\u00b0C)<\/td>\n
170<\/td>\n
250<\/td>\n
285<\/td>\n
145<\/td>\n
215<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
HDT @ 1.82 MPa (\u00b0C)<\/td>\n
65<\/td>\n
90<\/td>\n
160<\/td>\n
55<\/td>\n
195<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\n
\n
Continuous Service Temp (\u00b0C)<\/th>\n
100-115<\/th>\n
130-150<\/th>\n
170-180<\/th>\n
80-95<\/th>\n
140-160<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n
\n
Specific Heat (J\/g\u00b7K)<\/td>\n
1.7<\/td>\n
1.7<\/td>\n
1.4<\/td>\n
1.6<\/td>\n
1.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
**HDT Notes**: \n– Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT) measures temperature at which a specimen deflects 0.25mm under specified load \n– Glass fiber reinforcement dramatically improves HDT \u2014 GF30 grades achieve 2-3\u00d7 the HDT of unfilled grades at 1.82 MPa \n– PA66-GF30 at 1.82 MPa: 250\u00b0C \u2014 suitable for under-hood automotive applications \n– PA12’s low HDT limits use to room-temperature applications<\/p>\n
Moisture Absorption and Environmental Effects<\/h2>\n
Nylon’s moisture absorption is a critical consideration \u2014 more so than almost any other engineering plastic:<\/p>\n
\n\n
\n
PA6<\/th>\n
1.6%<\/th>\n
9.5%<\/th>\n
2.5-3.0%<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n
\n
PA66<\/td>\n
1.2%<\/td>\n
8.5%<\/td>\n
2.5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n\n
\n
PA46<\/th>\n
1.2%<\/th>\n
6.5%<\/th>\n
2.0%<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
\n
\n
PA11<\/td>\n
0.4%<\/td>\n
2.0%<\/td>\n
0.8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
**Impact of Moisture on Properties**: \n– Tensile strength decreases 15-25% at saturated condition vs. dry-as-molded \n– Impact resistance INCREASES with moisture absorption (nylon becomes tougher when conditioned) \n– Dimensional change: PA6 swells approximately 0.4% per 1% moisture absorbed \u2014 must be accounted for in precision parts \n– Electrical insulation properties degrade significantly with moisture (dielectric constant increases 2\u00d7)<\/p>\n
**Design Recommendations**: \n– PA12 for parts exposed to humid environments or water immersion \n– Dry-as-molded properties for designing dimensional tolerances in molds \n– Condition parts to equilibrium before measuring critical dimensions<\/p>\n
Chemical Resistance of Nylon<\/h2>\n
Nylon’s chemical resistance profile determines suitability for industrial environments:<\/p>\n
**Good Resistance (no significant attack at 23\u00b0C)**: \n– Aliphatic hydrocarbons (gasoline, mineral oils, diesel) \n– Alcohols (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol) \n– Esters and ketones (acetone, MEK \u2014 limited exposure) \n– Weak acids (acetic acid, citric acid \u2014 verify case-by-case) \n– Dilute alkalis and salts<\/p>\n
**Specialty Grades for Chemical Service**: \n– PA12 for automotive fuel lines \u2014 resistant to aromatic fuels and alcohol blends \n– PA6I\/6T (transparent nylon) for chemical contact applications requiring clarity \n– Glass-filled grades for chemical pump housings and valve components<\/p>\n
Nylon burns with a self-sustaining flame and drips. For electrical enclosures or components requiring flame retardancy, specify FR (flame retardant) grades \u2014 typically PA66 with halogen or phosphorus-based flame retardants.<\/p>\n
\n
FAQ<\/h2>\nMaterialeigenschaften von Nylon: Eine vollst\u00e4ndige technische Referenz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\nHow do you know whether Nylon Material Properties: A Complete Technical Reference fits a part?<\/summary>\n
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Nylon Material Properties: A Complete Technical Reference fits a part when its load capacity, temperature range, moisture exposure, wear behavior, and processing method match the real service conditions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\nWhat properties should be checked for Nylon Material Properties: A Complete Technical Reference?<\/summary>\n
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Check strength, stiffness, impact resistance, heat resistance, moisture absorption, dimensional stability, friction, wear, and chemical compatibility.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\nWhat is the biggest selection risk for Nylon Material Properties: A Complete Technical Reference?<\/summary>\n
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The biggest risk is choosing from a datasheet value without considering actual environment, processing method, part geometry, and long-term use.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n\nWhen should Nylon Material Properties: A Complete Technical Reference be tested before production?<\/summary>\n
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Testing is recommended when the part faces load, heat, chemicals, moisture, tight tolerances, regulatory requirements, or a new operating environment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t
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