Materiais de maquinagem CNC
Comprehensive guide to metals and plastics for precision CNC machining. Explore material properties, applications, and selection criteria.
Request Material ConsultationMateriais de maquinagem CNC
Selecting the right material is critical for successful CNC machining projects. Our comprehensive material database helps you choose the optimal metals and plastics based on your application requirements, budget, and performance needs.
Metals & Alloys for CNC Machining
Aluminum Alloys
Lightweight, excellent machinability, good strength-to-weight ratio, and corrosion resistance. Ideal for aerospace, automotive, and consumer electronics.
- 6061: Most common, good strength
- 7075: High strength, aerospace grade
- 2024: High toughness, aircraft structures
- 5052: Excellent corrosion resistance
Aço inoxidável
Excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good aesthetic appeal. Suitable for medical, marine, and food processing applications.
- 304: General purpose, corrosion resistant
- 316: Superior corrosion resistance
- 303: Improved machinability
- 17-4 PH: Precipitation hardening
Tool Steel
High hardness, wear resistance, and ability to hold cutting edges. Perfect for molds, dies, and cutting tools.
- D2: High carbon, high chromium
- A2: Air hardening, good toughness
- O1: Oil hardening, excellent machinability
- M2: High-speed steel, retains hardness
Titanium Alloys
Exceptional strength-to-weight ratio, biocompatibility, and corrosion resistance. Preferred for aerospace, medical, and high-performance applications.
- Grade 2: Commercial purity
- Grade 5 (6AL-4V): Most common alloy
- Grade 23: Medical grade, enhanced biocompatibility
Copper & Brass
Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance, and antimicrobial properties. Ideal for electrical components and plumbing.
- C110: Electrolytic tough pitch copper
- C360: Free-cutting brass
- C464: Naval brass, corrosion resistant
Magnesium Alloys
Extremely lightweight, good strength-to-weight ratio, and excellent machinability. Used in automotive and aerospace where weight reduction is critical.
- AZ31B: General purpose
- AZ91D: Die casting alloy
- ZK60A: High strength
Engineering Plastics for CNC Machining
Nylon (PA)
Good mechanical properties, wear resistance, and toughness. Excellent for gears, bearings, and structural components.
- PA 6: General purpose
- PA 66: Higher temperature resistance
- Glass-filled: Enhanced stiffness
Acetal (POM)
High stiffness, low friction, and excellent dimensional stability. Ideal for precision parts and moving components.
- POM-C: Copolymer, better chemical resistance
- POM-H: Homopolymer, higher mechanical strength
Policarbonato (PC)
High impact strength, transparency, and good dimensional stability. Perfect for protective covers and transparent components.
- Excellent impact resistance
- Good optical clarity
- UV resistant grades available
PEEK
High-performance thermoplastic with exceptional thermal, chemical, and mechanical properties. Used in demanding applications.
- Continuous use to 250°C
- Excellent chemical resistance
- High strength and stiffness
ABS
Good impact strength, rigidity, and surface quality. Easy to machine and post-process. Common for prototypes and consumer products.
- Good impact resistance
- Easy to paint and glue
- Cost-effective
PTFE (Teflon)
Exceptional chemical resistance, lowest coefficient of friction, and excellent high-temperature performance.
- Excellent chemical resistance
- Very low friction
- Useful from -200°C to 260°C
Material Properties & Data
Compare key properties of common CNC machining materials to make informed decisions for your projects. All data represents typical values for standard grades.
Metals Mechanical Properties Comparison
| Material | Resistência à tração (MPa) | Yield Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness | Density (g/cm³) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aluminum 6061 | 310 | 276 | 12-17 | 95 HB | 2.70 |
| Aço inoxidável 304 | 515 | 205 | 40 | 70 HRB | 8.00 |
| Steel 4140 | 655 | 415 | 25.7 | 197 HB | 7.85 |
| Titanium Grade 5 | 895 | 828 | 10 | 36 HRC | 4.43 |
| Brass C360 | 531 | 393 | 18 | 78 HRB | 8.50 |
| Copper C110 | 340 | 330 | 12 | 42 HRB | 8.94 |
Plastics Mechanical Properties Comparison
| Material | Resistência à tração (MPa) | Flexural Modulus (GPa) | Impact Strength (J/m) | HDT @ 1.8MPa (°C) | Density (g/cm³) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nylon 6 | 81 | 2.9 | 53 | 65 | 1.13 |
| Acetal (POM) | 69 | 2.8 | 76 | 110 | 1.41 |
| Polycarbonate | 72 | 2.4 | 640 | 130 | 1.20 |
| ABS | 40 | 2.1 | 200 | 85 | 1.05 |
| PEEK | 100 | 3.8 | 85 | 160 | 1.32 |
| PTFE | 27 | 0.5 | 160 | 50 | 2.16 |
Note on Material Selection: Properties can vary significantly based on specific grade, heat treatment, and manufacturing process. Contact our material experts for guidance on selecting the optimal material for your specific application requirements and operating conditions.
Aplicações do sector
Different materials excel in specific applications based on their unique properties and performance characteristics. Below are common industry applications for various CNC machining materials.
Aeroespacial
High strength-to-weight ratio materials for aircraft components, satellites, and spacecraft. Critical applications require materials with excellent fatigue resistance and reliability.
Medical & Healthcare
Biocompatible materials for surgical instruments, implants, and medical device components. Requires sterilization capability and tissue compatibility.
Automóvel
Durable materials for engine components, transmission parts, and interior features. Balance of performance, weight, and cost considerations.
Eletrónica
Materials for enclosures, heat sinks, connectors, and insulating components. Requires specific electrical, thermal, and dimensional stability properties.
Máquinas industriais
Wear-resistant materials for gears, bearings, bushings, and mechanical components. Demanding applications requiring durability and precision.
Produtos de consumo
Aesthetic materials for consumer electronics, household items, and recreational equipment. Balance of appearance, feel, and performance.
Guia de seleção de materiais
Follow this decision framework to choose the optimal material for your CNC machining project based on application requirements and performance needs.
Application Requirements
What are the primary functional requirements?
- Structural Components: Consider strength, stiffness, and weight
- Moving Parts: Evaluate wear resistance and friction properties
- High Temperature: Assess thermal stability and heat resistance
- Corrosive Environments: Review chemical compatibility
- Electrical Applications: Consider conductivity and insulation needs
Performance Priorities
What are your key performance criteria?
- Strength vs. Weight: Aluminum, Titanium for best ratio
- Wear Resistance: Tool steels, hardened materials
- Corrosion Resistance: Stainless steel, titanium, plastics
- Temperature Resistance: High-temp alloys, PEEK, PTFE
- Machinability: Aluminum, brass, acetal for easy machining
Economic Considerations
What are your budget and volume constraints?
- Prototyping: ABS, aluminum 6061 for cost-effectiveness
- Low Volume Production: Standard metals and plastics
- High Volume Production: Consider machining time and material cost
- Lifecycle Cost: Evaluate durability and maintenance requirements
- Secondary Operations: Factor in finishing and post-processing
Need Help Selecting the Right Material?
Our material experts are here to help you choose the optimal CNC machining material for your specific application requirements and performance needs. Contact us today for technical consultation and competitive pricing.
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